Unit 5 group project Tolap Corporation Research Paper

Unit 5 group project Tolap Corporation - Research Paper Example Unit 5 group project Tolap Corporation This section shall be a summary of all that is contained in the plan such that top executive members, who may not have time to read the entire report, should get a fair idea of what is contained in the report and base on the executive summary to take preliminary decisions (Chen and So, 2002). Description of Business The name of the business as well as the form of ownership shall be identified under this section. The section shall also contain owners and any possible history of business. Description of Product/Service Name of products offered should be listed in clear terms as well as services that customers are to receive. Marketing Plan This is where the suggested market segment must be made known and how to development competitive advantage over this segment. Industry Each business is under a broad industry and this must be clearly stated. Toplapp is, for instance, in manufacturing industry. Customers The customers are the end users of the products and services earlier spoken about. This section should include characteristics of customers as well as why they have been targeted. Competition The company will not be the first in the named industry and so existing competitors must be mentioned with reasons that make them threatening. Advertising and Promotion The means through which the company is going to make its self-visible to the identified customers and all forms of potential customers must be spelt. The initial strategies for making the company known will fall under advertisement whiles ways of maintaining the gained image of the company will come under promotion (Breiman et al., 2009). Location Location will refer to places where the presence of the company will be seen and felt. In times past, the talk of location was all about where offices and branches will be seen through the construction of structures, but today the advent of the internet have made it quite easier to have a larger location through electronic commerce and so ways by which the company seeks to take advantage of electronic commerce will come under this section. Suppliers The company may have the option of using either internal or external suppliers. Whatever the case is however, it is necessary that these suppliers and why they are the best must be made known through the business plan. This section of the plan will therefore cater for this task whereby names of suppliers are going to be known as well as materials that they are going to supply. Management Management as used in context does not just refer to a list of the names of managers of the company but also skills and abilities possessed by the managers in carrying out their roles and the specific roles that they are going to be expected to undertake in order to bring about the achievement of goals. Financial Plan Quantum of capital injection as well as a budget of how the capital is going to be raised and used must be made clear under this section. Mission Statement The company has a mission of becoming a global leader in the manufacturing of high quality home and garden appliances that meet the requirements and specifications of customers. The company also seeks to put its self ahead of time when it comes to innovative manufacturing, which involves the manufacturing of machineries for today’s use that actually solves tomorrow’s problems. By this, the manufacturing services and products of manufacturing shall become highly relevant to the customer because apart from the fact that

Power Politics Essay Example for Free

Power Politics Essay â€Å"†¦what is happening to India today is not a problem†¦the issues †¦are not canses. They are huge political and social upheaval that are convulsing the nation. †   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those are the exact words that Roy (24) had used to describe what is happening to the world that is beyond the realm of common human understanding: globalization led on and operated by â€Å"experts†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And just how will a common human understand when every time they try to, at the end of the day, they are relegated to being â€Å"just a citizen† who are, to experts, are â€Å"too emotional† and just lack the ability to eventually understand when explained to (if the experts even try to do the explaining part).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is the phenomenon characterized by experts who have acquired technical knowledge on certain matters take the matter into their own hands—not wanting to be questioned or contradicted and seemingly not encouraged to do their tasks with sympathy. They believe that they have all it takes to do it all, and be all, for all. The usual behavior of an arrogant little child who thinks he knows all he needs to know and thus scoffs at any questioning remarks on how he does his tasks, sneers at any suggestion or idea unlike his own, or flares up at any tap on his shoulder that gently reminds him that he is not of possession of every knowledge yet; a kind of behavior that is often times not tolerated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And that is what needed to be done. This arrogance should be broken down. And this could not be accomplished by mere taps on the shoulder anymore. A sterner reminder is needed; a reminder that even the too emotional and comprehension-challenged common citizen still has a say on how he lives his life—or at the very least, has the natural right to be made to understand.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, the author urges the humanity to speak, and speak loud, now or forever be made to hold their peace. Works Cited Roy, Arundhati. Power Politics (year of publication). 24-33.

The Supernatural in The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde Essay

If you can get past most of the superficial and unlikeable characters in The Picture of Dorian Gray, this story does indeed have its place in the horror genre. While I understand the setting and the characters were a reflection of the actual class distinctions during the Victorian time period, I found the shallowness and narcissism of Dorian Gray and his circle of acquaintances tedious. "Fops" came to mind more than once along with "don't these people have a purpose other than to dine out and indulge themselves?" Even the women were for the most part portrayed as imbeciles. It almost hurt to read the section in chapter four where Lord Henry's wife appears for the first and only time: "She was usually in love with somebody, and, as her passion was never returned, she had kept all her illusions. She tried to look picturesque, but only succeeded in being untidy. Her name was Victoria, and she had a perfect mania for going to church" (Wilde 41). The only likeable main character is Basil Hallward who seems to have a conscience, and although it proves his undoing, he is the only one that tries to save Dorian. I think several elements of the supernatural came into play in the story: the painting which had the capacity to change in showing Dorian's sins and evildoings, the use of mirrors, and direct and indirect references to selling one's soul to the devil. The very fact that the painting changes, places this story in the realm of the supernatural. In The Element Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Hauntings by Theresa Chung, supernatural is defined as: "Any experience, occurrence, manifestation or object that is beyond the laws of nature and science and whose understanding may be said to lie with religion, magic or the mystical" (480). Af... ...years. Lord Henry enjoyed influencing Dorian: "He was conscious--and the thought brought a gleam of pleasure into his brown agate eyes--that it was through certain words of his, musical words said with musical utterance, that Dorian Gray's soul had turned to this white girl and bowed in worship before her. To a large extent the lad was his own creation" (Wilde 51). What makes Lord Henry's influence worse is his utter lack of understanding how harmful it was, and, how little he really knew Dorian, evidenced towards the end when Dorian practically tells him he murdered Basil. Works Cited Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Michael Patrick Gillespie, Editor. Norton Critical Edition. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2007. Cheung, Theresa. The Element Encyclopedia of Ghosts & Hauntings. Element Encyclopedia Series. Unknown: Barnes & Noble, Inc., 2008.

Malaysian Small and Medium Enterprises Essay -- Small and Medium Enter

SMALL and medium enterprises (SMEs) are broadly defined as manufacturing, manufacturing-related services (MRS) and agro-based industries that employ around 200 full-time employees or have annual sales turnover of not more than RM50mil (Chermaine, 2013). Besides, the term also refer to enterprises in the services, primary agriculture and information and communication technology industries with not more than 75 full-time employees or annual sales turnover of not more than RM20mil. According to the SME Annual Report 2012, small and medium enterprises represent 98.5% of the approximately 78,000 companies in Malaysia, with the remaining 1.5% made up of multinational and public-listed companies. In many developed nations, SMEs are thought to contribute between 40% and 60% to gross domestic product and 60% and 70% of the employment, but the SME sector in Malaysia has not reached the mark yet. The core purpose of Web services is to create an exchange of data and information between businesses in real time via the Internet, and thus can be shared with customers, suppliers and other business partners of all the information needed. It is resemblance of the business model for example e-commerce or e-business that required transaction, product catalogue, and so on between supplier, company and customer. The complex e-commerce is becoming trend as Amazon.com and eBay started it to encourage other Website within other companies using it. From that, the growing of the new software, function and features will be invented. Furthermore, the rise and development of technology and communication by using the Web to conduct business is on the rise as well. Therefore, when applied to any organization that uses web services to automatically increase the value of the market, because right now, all the benefits of working on the line will help the company in its growth There are some of those benefits that will increase the value of business. An easier and efficient e-business or e-commerce application is one of the benefit can be gained by the company which is the efficiency and the easy access of business will make business flowing good and flawless. In addition, the company or organization would be able to go in the global market. As the purpose of the company want to expand their businesses, this e-commerce will help the organization going global business as the main function is online and everyone can buy it from their home as long as the customer meets the term and condition. Finally, invented the new way to do business, as this e-commerce will allow other business sector at all fields will do the same. From this, the growth of the economics and the customer will be enjoy of the variety of product that can be bought. There are a lot of benefits of Web services to Amazon, eBay and their developer partners. The first one is it allows an explosive business growth in globally because it is not only on domestic as Web services are invented for organization to go global market. This will encourage other organization will do the same method to increase their profit. Secondly, Web services help these companies to expand their market reach as promotional activities for customer to get to know the product. Target market reach will be able for the company to find their potential customer to buy their product. Thirdly, it will give users the ability to act on information any time, any place, and from any smart device. It covers up almost everything that is available t... ...e services providers begin and other competitor have no choice to lower their price in order to compete with U Mobile and it is long debate to be spot on. Back to the topic, in Aroma Hijrah itself is the new entrant in the market. So far, NSK has to compete with new retailer which are more convenience and cheap. The price wars and offering better product and services are needed. Thus, NSK came out with an idea to cover themselves from threat of new entrant. First of all, they provide a membership cards that the customer can get 1 point in every Rm1 they spend. Once they collected at some limit, NSK will provide the customer with the special gifts and the membership also allows the customer to get member prices that is lower than non-member price. Also, NSK provide N-Card Kiosk in order to check and verify their cards and its collected points. Based from my observation, NSK tend to open their store nearest factory and industry location rather than open area for business, and this probably they want attract nearest people that do not want to go out the place to shopping. . It is cleared that, NSK and Econsave are ultimate rivalry based on their current business operation and profitable. However, only one company will always be a winner and NSK is capable on this competition as they brave enough to do a 24-hour store opened located in Selayang that could capture more customer nearby and during festive season. They also brave in reduce some price of their products in order to attract the customers. Works Cited Chermaine Poo (2013). Financing for SMEs. The Star Online. http://www.thestar.com.my/Business/SME/2013/09/27/Financing-for-SMEs/ Muhyiddin Yassin (2013). SMEs. Berita Harian Online. www.beritaharianonline.com

Basic Principles of Tort Supported by Case Law.

Introduction This essay is an attempt to advise Changwa on the area of law under which he can bring an action in view of the facts given in the question. The essay will also attempt to advise Changwa with respect to the person against whom such action can be brought. In order to achieve this end, the essay will pay particular attention to the salient elements he has to establish in the area of law identified, if at all he is to succed in his claim. The essay will conclude by looking at the likely difficulties Changwa may encounter in succeeding in his claim in the event that he was to bring an action. The advice will be with the aid of decided cases where necessary. Area of Law and the Potential Defendant. In view of the facts given in this case, the name of the area of law under which Changwa can bring an action is in the tort of negligence. Accordingly, he must bring this action firstly against the pub manager for the cockroach found in the food. Secondly, the action must be brought against the manufacturers of the red wine. This is so because the pub manager is merely the retailer with no opportunity to temper with the contents of the red wine. The law of negligence dates back as far as 1856 when Lord Baron Alderson in Blyth v Birmingham Water Works Company gave a simple and precise definition of what constitutes negligence in the following terms; Negligence is the omission to do something which a reasonable man guided upon those considerations which ordinarily regulate the conduct of human affairs would do, or doing something which a prudent and reasonable man would not do. It follows therefore that negligence consists of either an act or omission on the part of the defendant. It is trite law that the tort of negligence has three essential elements, which any claimant must prove in order to succeed in his action against the defendant. These three elements are existence of duty of care owed to the claimant, breach of such duty of care by the defendant and lastly the resulting damage to the claimant arising from the breach of the duty of care . Each of the above elements of the tort of negligence will now be discussed in turn. Existence of duty of care It is now settled law that there exists no all embracing duty owed to the whole world in all circumstances. However, the determining issue is whether a duty of care existed and whether it was owed to the particular plaintiff. The basis of the law of negligence is that the defendant owes the plaintiff a duty of care. It must be mentioned that the duty owed to a claimant is not imposed by contract but is one imposed by the law. The modern law as regards this aspect of the law of negligence was extensively canvassed in the celebrated case of Donoghue v Stevenson where the House of Lords were confronted with the general question of whether a manufacturer owed a duty of care to the ultimate consumer of his products and they proceeded to hold that he did. In that case, the plaintiff became ill after drinking ginger beer from a bottle which contained a decomposing snail in it. She had not bought the daring herself, so she was unable to rely on a breach of contract. In this regard, she sued the manufacturers of the beer under the tort of negligence, claiming that they owed her a duty of care. The House of Lord decided the case in the plaintiff’s favour and the case is an authority because of the rule of law laid down by Lord Atkin when he stated thus; The rule that you are to love your neighbour becomes in law, you must not injure your neighbour; and the lawyer's question, who is my neighbour? receives a restricted reply. You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour. Who, then, in law is my neighbour? The answer seems to be – persons who are so closely and directly affected by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are called in question This test has been criticised as being too wide but it made it easier for lawyers to argue that there should be liability for negligently causing harm in new situations. Similarly, in Anns v Merton , the court had the following to say concerning the duty of care; In order to establish that a duty of care arises in a particular situation, it is not necessary to bring the facts of that situation within those of previous situations in which a duty of care has been held to exist. Rather the question has to be approached in two stages. First one has to ask whether, as between the alleged wrongdoer and the person who has suffered damage there is a sufficient relationship of proximity or neighbourhood such that, in the reasonable contemplation of the former, carelessness on his part may be likely to cause damage to the latter – in which case a prima facie duty of care arises. Secondly, if the first question is answered affirmatively, it is necessary to consider whether there are any considerations which ought to negative, or to reduce or limit the scope of the duty or the class of person to whom it is owed or the damages to which a breach of it may give rise In view of the above exposition of the law, it is clear that firstly, the pub manager owes a duty of care to Changwa to ensure that he is not harmed by the food prepared therein. Secondly, the manufacturer of the red wine ought to have the consumer in contemplation as a person who would likely be affected by the actions of the manufacturer. The above cases show that the manufacturer and not the retailer, owes a duty of care to the consumer in instances where the retailer has no power whatsoever as to the contents or quality of a product. In view of this duty, a manufacturer in the position of the manufacturer of the red wine must take reasonable steps to ensure that the drinks they produce do not contain any impurities which would be harmful to the consumer. Breach of Duty of Care A potential defendant will be negligent by falling below the standards of the ordinary reasonable person in his situation, that is, by doing something which the reasonable man would not do or failing to do something which the reasonable man would do. According to the learned authors of English Law , if a duty of care is established as a matter of law, whether or not the defendant was in breach of that duty is a matter of fact. Even if the plaintiff succeeds in showing that the defendant owes a duty of care, it is not sufficient for purposes of negligence unless a breach of that duty is shown . In deciding whether a defendant has acted negligently, the decision is based on an objective test of what a reasonable man would do. The court will decide if the defendant fell below the standard of the reasonable man. The standard of care expected from this hypothetical character is objective; not taking into account the characteristics or weaknesses of the defendant, as was aptly stated by the court in Nettleship v Weston . However, it must be mentioned that the courts expect people to take only reasonable precautions in guarding against harm to others, and this position of the law was affirmed in Latimer v AEC Ltd . In assessing what is reasonable under the circumstances, the court will consider the likelihood of harm occurring. The greater the risk of harm, the greater the precautions that will need to be taken, as was held in Miller v Jackson In the instant case, the test would be whether a reasonable person in the position of both the pub manager and the manufacturer of red wine would have neglected to carry out an inspection of their products in order to ensure that the consumer will not be harmed by the contents thereof. The obvious answer to the above question is not in the affirmative but in the negative. In this regard, Changwa would successfully establish the second element of the tort of negligence against firstly the pub manager and secondly the wine manufacturer, although this in itself is by no means conclusive that the defendants are liable to the plaintiff. At this point, in order to succeed in the tort of negligence, he will then need to establish the third element of the tort of negligence, namely that he suffered damage as a result of the breach of the duty of care by the defendant. Damage The learned authors of Clerk and Lindsell on Tort assert that it is important for the plaintiff in an action for negligence to prove the resulting damage to him from the breach of the duty of care. This is essentially premised o the fact that negligence is not actionable per se. It is necessary therefore for Changwa in this case, to show that he has suffered some harm, either physical injury, economic harm or psychological harm. This part of the elements of the law of negligence constitutes one of the difficulties that Changwa is likely to encounter in succeeding with the claim. In Donoghue v Stevenson , the House of Lords found in favour of the plaintiff because she was able to show that she had suffered a mental or nervous shock after drinking the Ginger Beer in which a decomposed snail was found. It is now categorically clear that breach of duty of care is necessary but in itself and by itself not conclusive that the plaintiff will be entitled to damages. To this effect, resulting damage is essential in this regard. This qualifies the earlier point that negligence is not actionable per se but damage must be proved if a claimant is to succeed. The Zambian courts have had several instances where they have pronounced themselves on this third aspect or element of the law of negligence. In Zambia Breweries Plc v Reuben Mwanza The respondent, Reuben Mwanza bought a bottle of a castle lager beer at a bottle store and this bottle was opened in his presence. He drunk half of the contents and he then felt as if he was choking and on examination of the bottle he found that it contained a dead lizard. The learned trial judge found as a fact that the appellants were negligent in the manufacture of the castle beer with a dead lizard in it and awarded the respondent K50, 000,000 as damages. The appellant then appealed against the excessive award of damages. The Supreme Court had the following to say in relation to the issue of damages; We have considered the submissions on this head and we agree that the K50, 000,000 awarded in this area is excessive. In doing so we take into account the conduct of the respondent after discovering a lizard in his beer. Although the respondent stated that he was shocked with the discovery of the lizard, it is shocking to us that when he was offered another beer, he quickly took it and consumed. There was no revolting reaction. Further, when he went to the Chilenje clinic he never revealed what has caused his â€Å"illness† so that proper diagnosis could be given. The reasoning of the court from the above sentiments is to the effect that there was no evidence to show that the claimant had suffered any harm, whether mental or physical thus the award was reduced. The court further stated thus; â€Å"the plaintiff has, therefore, a duty to bring credible evidence of illness. The award in this instant case comes to us with a sense of shock as being wrong in principle and on the higher side. We want to take advantage of this case to point out that in future nothing will be awarded if no proper evidence of a medical nature is conducted. † Similarly, in Continental Restaurant & Casino LTD. v. Arida Mercy Chulu , the court had the following to say as regards the need to prove actual damage in an action for negligence; The important point to stress, however, is that in cases of this nature, the basis of awarding damages is to vindicate the injury suffered by the plaintiff. The money was to be awarded in the instant case not because there was a cockroach in the soup, but on account of the harm or injury done to the health, mental or physical, of the plaintiff. Thus in the Donoghue case the plaintiff was hospitalised. Mild condition is generally not enough a basis for awarding damages. The plaintiff has, therefore, a duty to bring credible evidence of illness. The award in this instant case comes to us with a sense of shock as being wrong in principle and on the higher side. We want to take advantage of this case to point out that in future nothing will be warded if no proper evidence of a medical nature is conducted. Furthermore, in the case of Michael Chilufya Sata v Zambia Bottlers Limited , claimant found a cockroach in the drink but had not yet taken the drink when the cockroach was discovered. In a claim by the claimant, the Supreme Court of Zambia held to the effect that there was no injury or damage caused to the appellant by the adulterated drin k as he did not consume it. Furthermore, the court noted correctly that negligence alone does not give a cause of action; damage alone does not give a cause of action; the two must co-exist. It therefore follows, that for Changwa to successfully claim damages, he must prove the actual harm suffered with respect to both the food and the red wine. CONCLUSION AND ADVICE In view of the explanation of the law that has bee done above, Changwa will now be advised as follows; †¢In view of the facts given in the question, he would bring an action in the tort of negligence. †¢The person that Changwa should sue is the owner of the restaurant for the fly found in the food. This is so irrespective of the fact that changwa is not the one who bought the food because the duty of care is not contractual but is imposed by the law. In this vain, the pub owes a duty of care to Changwa. Secondly, Changwa can also bring an action for negligence against Manufacturer of the red wine for the cockroach found in the wine. This is because in cases such as these ones where the retailer has no control on the contents of the wine, recourse is had to the manufacturer, who is under a duty to take reasonable steps to ensure that the drink does not cause harm to the consumers who must be in the reasonable contemplation of the manufacturer. The tort of negligence comprises of three essential ingredients, namely; duty of care, breach of duty of care and the resultant damage, which elements have been discussed in sufficient detail above. In order to succeed in the tort of negligence, the claimant must establish all the three elements. †¢Changwa will easily prove the first two elements of negligence. However, he may encounter problems with the third element in view of the fact that it has not been shown from the question whet her he suffered any harm after taking the food which had a fly. The law on negligence demands that the claimant must substantiate the harm caused by the defendant’s breach of duty. This will be problematic for Changwa in view of the fact that he did not suffer any damage. Secondly, it will be difficult if not impossible for Changwa to substantiate his claim with respect to the red wine because he did not take the wine, thus clearly no harm was suffered by himself. In view of the collated explanations given in this essay, Changwa is advised accordingly. Bibliography Clerk and Lindsell. 2003. Law of Tort, 16th ed Cooke, J. 2003. Law of Tort, 6th ed. Liverpool: Moores University. Rogers, W. 1994. Winfield and Jolowicz on Tort, 13th ed. London: Sweet and Maxwell. Smith and Keenan. 1966. English Law, 2nd ed. London: Pitman and Sons Cases referred to Anns v Merton [1977] 2 All ER 492 Blyth v Birmingham Water Works Company [1856] 11 Exch 781 Continental Restaurant & Casino Ltd. v. Arida Mercy Chulu S. C. Z. No. 28 of 2000 Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 Latimer v AEC Ltd [1952] 1 All ER 1302 Michael Chilufya Sata v Zambia Bottlers Limited SCZ No. 1 OF 2003 Miller v Jackson [1977] 3 All ER 338 Nettleship v Weston [1971] 3 All ER 581 Zambia Breweries Plc v Reuben Mwanza S. C. Z. NO. 39 OF 2000

Electrical Circuits essays

Electrical Circuits essays Unlike the last lab on RL, RC and RLC circuits, we measured the frequency characteristics of these circuits. We observed the steady-state sinusoidal response of an high-pass RL circuit, a low-pass RC circuit and a band-pass RLC circuit. 10.4.1 Steady-State Sinusoidal Response of High-Pass RL Circuit This part of the lab consisted of constructed an high-pass RL circuit shown below in Figure 10.1. We used the scope to measure the phase and the gain of the circuit. Also, we used the Gain-Phase meter to measure the phase and the gain of the circuit. A Bode plot is shown below from the measurements of the scope, gain in dB versus log f and, separately, phase shift in degrees versus log f. -90 -b = -tan-1(w/170212) 10.4.3 Steady-State Sinusoidal Response of Low-Pass RC Circuit We did the exact same procedure as above except the data was for a low-pass RC circuit. This circuit is shown below in Figure 10.2. A Bode plot is shown below from the measurements of the gain-phase meter, gain in dB versus log f and, separately, phase shift in degrees versus log f. 10.4.5 Steady-State Sinusoidal Response of Band-pass RLC Circuit Again, the exact same procedure as above was done for this circuit. This circuit, a band-pass RLC circuit, is shown below in Figure 10.3. A Bode plot is shown below from the measurements of the gain-phase meter, gain in dB versus log f and, separately, phase shift in degrees versus log f. ...

How to Write a Speech in Leadership Studies †What You Need to Know to Get Proper Results

How to Write a Speech in Leadership Studies – What You Need to Know to Get Proper Results Leadership studies is a discipline that by definition often deals with public speaking and speechwriting. If you choose such a course, be ready to write, prepare and deliver speeches on a regular basis, however uncomfortable you may feel about it. Speech-related tasks in leadership studies can be very varied: your professor may ask you to deliver a speech aimed to perform a certain function as a part of a case study. You may have to prove your point in front of an audience. You may have to do it as a part of a debate. In other words, it is an important part of any leadership-related course, and the specifics of your job may vary. However, the primary goals usually remain the same: to influence the audience, to convert them to your point of view, occasionally to inspire and motivate them to do their best when dealing with a problem. Some common principles remain the same, and if you master them, you are unlikely to experience problems with anything your professors can throw your way. Normally, one learns them through experience; however, we at %WEBSITE% decided to make the lives of all leadership students easier and had our writers prepare a complete guide to writing speeches in leadership studies – the guide you are reading right now. How to Write a Speech in Leadership Studies: Topic Choice and Preparation 1. Choose an Interesting, Inspiring and Relevant Topic In some cases, your professor furnishes you with a topic. However, usually you have to do this part of work by yourself. Fortunately, the subject of leadership is an extremely multi-lateral one and offers plenty of topics worth covering. Here are some suggestions that can help you find something you will be comfortable talking about: Talk about one or more great leaders that inspire you and discuss what makes or made them special and capable of achieving their results; Talk about specific styles of leadership and what they mean for both the leader and the followers; Talk about what makes a great leader and why different types of organizations, movements, businesses etc. require their leaders to have different sets of qualities to succeed; Talk about how a good leader should deal with a particular challenge. Here are some topics you may come up with: Henry Ford: What Qualities Led Him to the Degree of Greatness He Achieved? Leadership in the Digital Age: Does It Evolve Fast Enough to Meet the Ever-Changing Tech Challenges? What Makes for Effective Decision Making in Modern World? What Lies at the Foundation of Ethical Leadership? Are Leaders Born or Made? As you can see, there are plenty of directions – they are only limited by your own ingenuity. 2. Choose a Structure That Best Fits Your Purpose Some aspects of a speech are better left unchanged no matter what you are talking about. For example, the optimal distribution of space: 10 percent opening, 80 percent main part, 10 percent conclusion. You can deviate from it, but only if you have a very good reason to do so. Nine times out of ten, it is better to limit opening and conclusion to short yet powerful statements and dedicate the rest of the speech to meaningful content. However, the way you organize this content may vary. Here are some of the most popular variations: Narrative-based speech. Exactly what it says on the tin – you put a narrative at the center of your speech. You introduce a character (it may be yourself or another person), tell about an issue he/she had to face and proceed to describing how he/she overcame it. This structure helps you connect with your audience emotionally; Buildup. You introduce a key idea and proceed to build up the information related to it, layer by layer. In the end, you look back at what you have built and draw conclusions; Investigation. You present your audience with a question and get them interested in finding an answer to it. You then proceed to unravel the mystery, gradually moving to a satisfying conclusion; Ping Pong. You discuss an issue with two clearly defined viewpoints on it, and represent both of them equally. Move back and forth, gradually increasing the audience’s interest in who will get the upper hand. 3. Prepare an Outline A speech is a text that heavily depends on all its parts closely working with each other and performing their functions. That is why it is so important to make sure it has a tight structure and that you left nothing to chance. In an outline, you write down an approximation of what you will say in each part, how many points you will use to support your main idea, what evidence you will use to back them up, how you will move from one point to another and so on. It is especially important to plan how much time you will spend on each point – this will help you correct yourself if you later notice that you are lagging behind or moving too fast. How to Write a Speech in Leadership Studies: Composing and Structuring 1. Start with a Strong Opening The opening is the most important part of a speech – people only listen to the speaker attentively for about 10 seconds before they form an opinion and either lose interest or focus on you. If you do not use this fleeting timespan to show your credibility, build rapport with the audience, establish command of the room and the topic, you are very unlikely to have a chance to do it later. So pay closest attention to how you start and use your first sentence to maximum effect. Here are some suggestions of how to build strong openings: Make a seemingly completely irrelevant statement – the audience will tune in just to find out where you are going with it. The next sentence should bring the speech back to your topic. E.g., ‘There is only one movie I watched more than a dozen times – [Title]. And this is why – there is hardly a better illustration of what a true leader should be anywhere’; Start with a quote, either by a well-known author or somebody you know personally (relative, former boss, mentor, colleague, etc.). You can even invent a quote if you are feeling creative and have a good idea – nobody is going to check; Refer to your personal experience. For some reason people are especially interested in personal stories, and you can capitalize on this. Do not worry about being polite and be passionate instead – this is what leadership is all about. Jump to the meat of the thing right away, without gradual introductions – it will only increase the audience’s interest. If you still want to greet your audience, put it into the second paragraph – nobody will notice. 2. Calculate the Length of Your Speech Speeches are always limited by time, and if you deliver yours in front of the class, this limit is likely to be very short and strict, as your professor wants everybody to deliver one. However, you will be given a time, not word limit, and it may be hard to convert one into another. There are a few ways to do it: Find a collection of speeches on your topic and read it aloud for the allotted amount of time. A usual book will not do because the language used in speeches is generally simpler; Use an online tool for converting between words and minutes. However, remember that people have different rates of speech (ranging from 125 to 175 words per minute), and tend to further change this rate when talking in front of an audience (usually trying to talk faster). Therefore, the results that these tools return are not set in stone. 3. Relate Everything in Your Speech to a Single Goal Every speech has a purpose. In leadership studies, it is usually to persuade, motivate or inspire the audience, although other purposes (e.g., to share information) are possible as well. Define the overall purpose of the speech before you start writing and keep it in mind throughout the entire process. Everything you mention should be related to this purpose and move it forward. If something does not do it, edit it out or do not mention it in the first place. 4. Keep Your Structure Clear Audience should be able to naturally follow you throughout the speech without getting confused. Make sure your train of thought is clearly visible and progresses logically. Do not introduce irrelevant anecdotes to illustrate a point; neither should you jump from one point to another and back again. 5. Reflect the Importance of Each Point in the Structure Firstly, the amount of time you spend talking about each point should be proportionate to its importance. Even if you have really good fact or quotation to mention about an unimportant point, do not spend too much time talking about it, lest the audience is confused about its relative importance. Secondly, arrange your points in a meaningful order. Usually it means that you either progress from the least to the most important one (gradually nurturing the audience’s interest and using stronger arguments every time) or vice versa (offering the most important argument first and following it up with supporting evidence). How to Write a Speech in Leadership Studies: after Writing, before Delivery 1. Memorize the Opening and the Conclusion You do not have to memorize your entire speech – in fact, it may even be detrimental for overall effect, as it will be obvious that you are talking not to the audience but at it. In addition, if you stumble, it is much harder to get back on track if you retell the speech word for word, than if you reconstruct it in your mind from a few main points. With the main part of the speech, it is less important how you word it as long as you speak confidently and do not forget anything. However, the opening and the conclusion have to be built carefully and are heavily dependent on using specific wording, which means that you should know them by heart to achieve the desired effect. 2. Trim the Fat In leadership studies, it is very important to lead your audience in the right direction without easing up for even a second. Every sentence and every word should move your main idea forward and lead up to the most important takeaway. Reread your speech carefully and make sure everything you say is relevant and you never drift away from your train of thought. Ask somebody you trust to listen to you while you deliver the speech and ask him/her if it was easy to follow you. If he/she found some parts confusing, change them (usually by removing excessive fragments). 3. Make Sure Your Speech Is Properly Paced It may not be obvious while you write it, but should become more evident from your test delivery of a speech. Ideally, you should gradually build up your speech to a climax, achieve this top point, make the most powerful statement, and finish quickly. If you put all your strongest arguments and express the main idea too early, you can end up with an ending that occupies half a speech and far outlasts its welcome. Always give the audience a reason to keep listening to you, then end with something emphatic, shocking, unexpected or thought-provoking. 4. Incorporate Non-Verbal Elements Even if you know your speech perfectly, it does not mean you will be able to deliver it well. You cannot just stand still and talk to your audience: you have to incorporate many additional elements into your speech, such as body language, facial expressions, pauses, silences, intonation, increases and decreases in volume and so on. Do not leave these things to chance – if you do not have much experience in delivering speeches, you will end up looking and sounding unnaturally or freeze up altogether. Instead, plan ahead when you are going to use any of these techniques. Writing and delivering a high-quality speech in leadership studies is no small thing – with all the attention paid to communication and influencing people in this course, it is hardly surprising that the standards are usually pretty high. However, we hope that with the help of this guide you will be able to do better and more than ever!

If Only I Had Known

If Only I Had Known If Only I Had Known If Only I Had Known By Maeve Maddox Have you ever noticed how many websites offer lists of things their authors wish they had done differently in the past? The Workplace Tips I Wish Id Known From the Start Things I Wish Id Known Before We Got Married 67 Things I Wish I Had Known At 18 What I Wish Id Known Before Starting My Business Unfortunately, not all the bloggers who express their regrets and offer the fruit of their experience do it grammatically. For every one who writes, â€Å"I wish I had known,† another five write, â€Å"I wish I would have known† Oh, the things I wish I would have known then that I know now 30 things I wish I would have known about life Things I wish I would have known when I got started in software development Would does not belong in the subordinate clause of the lament. The verb wish is followed by the past perfect: I wish I had known then what I know now. A similar error occurs with the use of â€Å"if† clauses. If I Would Have Known Then What I Know Now- 29 Business Owners Speak Out Again, the would is unnecessary: If I Had Known Then What I Know Now. Because hindsight is universal, we all need to know how to wish things hadn’t happened, so while we’re at it, we may as well look at how to make wishes about the present and future. Use past tense to wish regarding the present: I don’t like this neighborhood. I wish I lived in Bellaire. My car is a wreck. I wish I had the money to buy a new one. My husband works all the time. I wish he were not so busy. Note: If I were is the older way of expressing a wish in the subjunctive mood. Like the use of whom, the subjunctive in English is dying out. I think most authorities see the take-over of if I was as inevitable, but some still feel it should not be used in formal written English. Use past tense modals would and could to wish regarding the future: I don’t like this neighborhood. I wish I could move to Bellaire. My car is a wreck. I wish I could buy a new one. My husband works all the time. I wish he would quit that job. And, as already mentioned, to wish the past had been different, use the past perfect: I wish I had majored in computer engineering instead of literature. Jack wishes he hadn’t run with a bad crowd in high school. We all wish we hadn’t eaten so much at the picnic. Happy wishing. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to KnowEnglish Grammar 101: Verb MoodNarrative, Plot, and Story

Business Management and Leadership Personal Statement - 1

Business Management and Leadership - Personal Statement Example While working as an event specialist for Jamaica Chamber of Commerce, I have to handle and manage various financial statements by using the software such as Excel and Quikbooks. The business of Jamaica Chamber of Commerce mainly deals with renting space to those clients or businesses that intend to host any sort of event that may include birthday parties and bridal showers among others. One of my chief roles along with responsibilities as an event specialist in this business is to organize events for the customers and also closing contracts on a weekly basis. Apart from this, I also work as a college assistant at York college. In this job profile, my main tasks are to handle purchase requisitions and also handling e-mails for the department of student activities of this college. Thus, by taking into concern the above discussed tasks that I perform, the online Master’s degree of Business Management and Leadership (M.S.) program would prove quite beneficial for me. This can be j ustified with reference to the fact that the above mentioned core business areas on which the stated online program mainly focus upon will make me to learn and acquire in-depth understanding about how to conduct such activities efficiently within a definite timeframe. From the very beginning, I had a keen interest to work in Army and for that I am currently attending officer candidate school in the Army National Guard. I have certain targets to accomplish in the future. One of such targets is to become a Financial Officer in the Army and thus, I expect that the online Master’s degree of Business Management and Leadership (M.S.) program would guide me to fulfill such target. The fulfillment of such target matters a lot for me owing to the reason that it would make me to realize my own job responsibilities and also enable me to take better professional decisions. There lay certain

Fill out Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Fill out - Assignment Example Even, I am more stressed out and mentally fatigued. For controlling this stress, I feel that I should give some time to myself and my friends because giving all the time to studies is making me more stressed. I can do some exercises for mental relaxation; I can also make a schedule giving time to exercise, studies, family time and much more. I should take enough sleep to relax my mind. I should set my preferences and list them out number-wise. Previously, I adopted an extreme side that made me tenser and I was unable to give required results. I worry about a number of things in my life. I am quite aware that this worrying is useless, but I am somewhat habitual. For example, I worry about diseases especially the viral ones; I also worry about my studies that make me much stressed. I worry about people and their comments on any of my actions. I worry about my parents’ anger and much more. What are some ways that this worrying behavior might be useful for you? Think in terms of its distractive value, the self-pity and sympathy that you might enjoy, or even the magical belief that you might somehow prevent disaster through magical thinking. My concern about diseases makes me to take precautionary measures beforehand. My worry about studies makes me to devise strategies to appear better in exams. I also enjoy self-pity when I analyze the amount of workload on me. My stress about people’s perceptions and beliefs regarding my behavior and personality make me stand by and on my guard. My worry about my parents’ anger allows me to keep away from such actions that can cause this anger. Directions: Sometimes the inability to separate a problem from how you feel about the situation may impede your progress in obtaining solutions. The following is an exercise that is designed to help you separate the two.   I am sometimes unable to control my anger that is a big problem. Anger is an emotional outburst that is mostly bad for human health

Labor issue paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Labor issue paper - Essay Example Analysis of resemblance in cases where workers were reinstated and kept on the payroll, and features of cases where workers resigned, despite their intention to return, revealed that whether or not the workers were allowed an opportunity to argue about labor conditions with their employer in a group before their dismissal probably has a significant effect on the possibility of reinstatement. 1. Introduction Based on cross-country comparisons regarding which out of compensation and reinstatement is primarily granted as a remedy for unjust dismissal, it was revealed that remedies in Japan are reinstatement-centered. A ranking on a scale of one to four regarding the possibility of reinstatement in cases of unjust dismissal among 40 OECD and non-OECD countries shows that 9 countries, including Japan, are ranked first as countries where reinstatement is possible on almost every occasion. Some of the 9 countries also offer options for compensation depending upon types of dismissal and inte nt of workers2. However, in Japan, reinstatement is always possible regardless of types of dismissal and intent of workers and, therefore, it is safe to say that remedies in Japan are reinstatement-centered. In Japan, courts have decided that dismissal without rational reasons and social adequacy is not valid. Also, workers unjustly dismissed in Japan may claim compensation for damages. Further, it has been said that many workers do not choose the option to return to their former employer or quickly resign after reinstatement even if the court rejects the dismissal as invalid. This goes to show that reinstatement-centered remedies do not always entail high rate of actual reinstatement. How often does reinstatement take place and what are the decisive factors of reinstatement possibilities? Driven by these questions in mind, the author investigated how often reinstatement is realized and the effectiveness of reinstatement remedies in the past3. Though direct investigation of dismisse d workers was not possible in that investigative study, the author had a chance to hold interviews of dismissed workers later4. This study is aimed at describing decisive factors of possibilities of reinstatement5 that are implied by data acquired through the interviews survey. In Section 2, a brief overview of findings of Yamaguchi (2001) is provided and data used in this study are described. In Section 3, findings regarding the correlation between Japanese employment practices and reinstatement-centered remedies are reviewed. In Section 4 common factors among cases where returners keep working in their former organizations are considered. In Section 5, reasons workers did not return to their former positions despite their actions to the court for reinstatement are discussed. The last section is the conclusion. 2. Findings of Yamaguchi (2001) and Data Used in This Study For Yamaguchi (2001), the author could not directly contact the dismissed workers and, therefore, made questionna ire surveys and interviewed14 lawyers familiar with labor issues: 9 lawyers primarily working for workers and 5 lawyers primarily working for employers. This study defined the primary factors of possibilities of reinstatement as follows: (1) Employer factor: level of employer's acceptance of reinstatement; (2) Dismissed worker factor: (a) the fact that some workers seek to return to their job as a remedy but others do not, and (b) persistence

McDonalds of Leadership and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

McDonalds of Leadership and Management - Essay Example The competitive environment is studies through the use of Porter’s Five Forces. The combined analysis brings forth the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the company which forms grounds on which suitable management and leadership strategies are built. Brief outline of company McDonalds is regarded as the largest chain of fast food restaurants in the world which serves as many as 68 million customers across 119 numbers of countries across the world each day. Based and headquartered in the US, the company had begun operations as a barbeque restaurant in 1940 and ran their business as a hamburger stand with the use of product line principles. The famous businessman Ray Kroc who had joined the organization as a franchisee agent subsequently purchased the chain from the McDonald brothers. Thereafter the company has seen widespread and rapid growth which eventually turned into immense success and victory. Some of the products which account for the USP of the company are hamburgers, chicken, cheeseburgers, breakfast items, French fries, shakes, soft drinks and desserts. Along with changes in consumer tastes and preferences, the company also has accordingly expanded its menu and included items such as wraps, salads, fruits and smoothies. Operated through both franchisees and affiliates the company earns its revenues through the fees, royalties and rent paid by franchisees and sales revenues through the company oriented restaurants. Almost 59% of the company’s restaurants are franchised; 21% of them are licensed to developmental licensees and foreign affiliates; and the remaining 20% are company operated (McDonalds, 2012). The company’s demonstrated huge growth between the years 2004 and 2007 which reflected through enhanced revenue of $22.8 billion and 9% increase in its operating income (MC Spotlight, 2012). McDonald’s success can be considerably attributed to its strength of alignment between suppliers and franchisees coup led with its business model which has enabled it to deliver consistent experience of a local restaurant to its customers and become an integral part of the communities which they serve. A customer focussed plan forms part of its global business strategy which is aimed to meet the changing tastes and preferences of customers and maintain sustainability in the market. The company’s business managed by numerous and a distinct geographic segment which includes countries in USA, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa and also nations like Canada and Latin America (McDonalds, 2012). How the organization monitors its environment The company makes a thorough analysis of its social and environmental; environment and integrates them into the four business aspects which forms the key to its success and profitability. The company’s programs, policies and progress are appreciated by its investor community since the company is a member of Dow Jones Sustainability Index from th e year 2004 and is also named to many of the other socially

The War Against The White American Man Research Paper

The War Against The White American Man - Research Paper Example Racism against white people is one of the critical areas of concern. The country has undergone tremendous changes for many years and there are prospects of continual growth in the coming years in regards to the strong economic backbone. Therefore, all people need to get it through there minds that there will always be people out there that do not have similar looks as they do, and do not have the same reasoning capacity the way they do, won't die the way they do, do not have dietary perspectives a theirs and would not raise there kids the way they do. This characterizes complexities of life. Everything on this planet has to come to terms with its surrounding. Thus people have to either learn to adapt or face the wrath of being rigid to change. Do know how dull life would be if everyone was the same color? If you are a believer in God or any other form of a supreme creator, then the decision to make everyone to look the same would not have been a problem (Strong, 2008). Existence of d ifferent races is just analogous to the difference in Everything that comprise our environment such as birds, plants, and natural features. Therefore, it is inconceivable for any reasonable being to escalate racism among the white American man since they society holds him as the instigator of racism. Just like it is easier for the minority to receive public recognition, the white American man requires similar recognition in order to curb racism propagated against the group (Wise, 2012). White men have been blamed by many nationalities for every ill thing that has been infused into the society (Flemming, 2003). Worse of it all, is that their own women are league with other races in blaming them. In regards to these racism actions, the white man has become an endangered human species because the world is embracing thugs, drug dealers and their form of life, while those things pioneered by the white boys or males is shunned away due to memories of the slavery (The Telegraph, 2011). As a white American husband to a black woman, I experience prejudice from the male black and other ethnic groups but not from my white counterparts. According to my own understanding, white people do not have any advantage against the Indian, Chinese, colored, or black community because we are human beings subject to feelings, need to belong to a family, love, feeling and much greater need to live life. There are several forms of bigotry in the society that has received much support due to the entertainment aspect associated with it. To begin with, my evaluation of the Japanese donning themselves with bushy wigs or beards, large fake nose embellished with speaking in loud, broken, and poor English is a direct demeaning activity to the white population. The white communities that take note of these practices are left in the dilemma whether to perceive it as offensive or as a form of amusement meant for entertainment purposes (Morgan, 2008). Nevertheless, the white person is not allowed to stereotypically dress like the Japanese people in yellowish skin, â€Å"slanted eyes,† geeky glasses, and buck teeth because the world would immediately recognize that as an unpleasant negative typecast. Similarly, the black community has received much recognition through their comedy routines where they openly say almost every thing they wish about the

McDonalds of Leadership and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

McDonalds of Leadership and Management - Essay Example The competitive environment is studies through the use of Porter’s Five Forces. The combined analysis brings forth the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the company which forms grounds on which suitable management and leadership strategies are built. Brief outline of company McDonalds is regarded as the largest chain of fast food restaurants in the world which serves as many as 68 million customers across 119 numbers of countries across the world each day. Based and headquartered in the US, the company had begun operations as a barbeque restaurant in 1940 and ran their business as a hamburger stand with the use of product line principles. The famous businessman Ray Kroc who had joined the organization as a franchisee agent subsequently purchased the chain from the McDonald brothers. Thereafter the company has seen widespread and rapid growth which eventually turned into immense success and victory. Some of the products which account for the USP of the company are hamburgers, chicken, cheeseburgers, breakfast items, French fries, shakes, soft drinks and desserts. Along with changes in consumer tastes and preferences, the company also has accordingly expanded its menu and included items such as wraps, salads, fruits and smoothies. Operated through both franchisees and affiliates the company earns its revenues through the fees, royalties and rent paid by franchisees and sales revenues through the company oriented restaurants. Almost 59% of the company’s restaurants are franchised; 21% of them are licensed to developmental licensees and foreign affiliates; and the remaining 20% are company operated (McDonalds, 2012). The company’s demonstrated huge growth between the years 2004 and 2007 which reflected through enhanced revenue of $22.8 billion and 9% increase in its operating income (MC Spotlight, 2012). McDonald’s success can be considerably attributed to its strength of alignment between suppliers and franchisees coup led with its business model which has enabled it to deliver consistent experience of a local restaurant to its customers and become an integral part of the communities which they serve. A customer focussed plan forms part of its global business strategy which is aimed to meet the changing tastes and preferences of customers and maintain sustainability in the market. The company’s business managed by numerous and a distinct geographic segment which includes countries in USA, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa and also nations like Canada and Latin America (McDonalds, 2012). How the organization monitors its environment The company makes a thorough analysis of its social and environmental; environment and integrates them into the four business aspects which forms the key to its success and profitability. The company’s programs, policies and progress are appreciated by its investor community since the company is a member of Dow Jones Sustainability Index from th e year 2004 and is also named to many of the other socially

Witchcraft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Witchcraft - Essay Example There are various cases in which this supernatural aid is usually invoked, to awaken the compassion of love that are desired, to compass the death of any obnoxious person, to call up a dead person, or to bring calamity upon rivals, enemies and opponents. Witchcraft has been done by numerous people in nearly all the periods of world’s history. The traditional belief is that not only of the dark ages but also the witches and wizards of the post-reformation times were addicted to such practices and they entered into a compact with the Satan, adjured Sacraments and the Christ, observed ‘the witches sabbath’; they paid divine honor to the ‘king of darkness’ and in return they got from him supernatural powers like harming their chosen victims, doing what they desire to, for instance, riding through the air on a broomstick, and willing to perform any service which is needed to fulfill their nefarious purposes. (Thurston, H. 1912) During the Middle Ages and even today at times, witchcraft is performed by witches as an act of healing and curing illnesses. These Witch-healers were at times the only general medical practitioners for people who had no facility of doctors and hospitals and were terribly affected with poverty and diseases. Even the church itself had very less to offer the suffering peasantry yet the Witches healers were even killed as well as accused of helping and healing. A witch-hunter puts it as: â€Å"For this must always be remembered, as a conclusion, that by witches we understand not only those which kill and torment, but all Diviners, Charmers, Jugglers, all Wizards, commonly called wise men and wise women†¦and in the same number we reckon all good witches, which do no hurt but good, which do not spoil and destroy, but save and deliver†¦It were a thousand times better for the land if all Witches, but specially the

Web design Essay Example for Free

Web design Essay Question 1: A transactional website allows customers to buy, sell, and order goods and services while a promotional website promotes and brings more customers to a website. Since PizzaHut. com has both types, this causes it to be a hybrid website. PizzaHut. com allows for customers to go online and buy their product, which is food. Customers are allowed to go online and choose whichever food they’d like and choose their delivery method. They can order it for pick up, delivery and either store their credit card information through ‘cookie’ or pay in cash. Pizza Hut promotes there online website almost all over. They have internet ads that may pop up and when you visit their website they have their special promotions posted on the central viewing window. The website allows the ability to shop for a deal with quick and easy ordering access. Pizza Hut also has many ways to order from a Facebook and iPhone app to desktop widgets. Question 2: There are seven design elements that help create great online customer experiences. The first is context. Context is a websites first appealing look and feeling that is reflected in the sites layout and in their visual design. It will focus on the company’s offerings, products, services, and information. It attempts to convey the main customer benefits provided by what the company has to offer. Content is the next. It is all the digital information on the company’s website such as the text, pictures, sounds and possible video they upload. PizzaHut. com incorporates both context and content by allowing customers to shop for a deal quickly and easily. It has the current offers directly on the main page and through navigation buttons that include the menu, locations, and nutrition facts. These are located directly below the main content Website customization is the way the site is able to modify itself and allows users to personalize it to their own likings. With Pizza Hut, their main goal was to simplify the ordering process. For customers who have already used the site they have personal options for them called ‘Express Checkout’ that is based on saved personal preferences. All they need to do is click a button and the food is on the way. Pizza Hut stores this information through Cookies. The connection for website design is the network that links it to other sites. They are links on the website that appear as highlighted words or pictures. Users are able to easily visit them by just clicking the link. Since Pizza hut is connected to mobile devices, desktops, and social networks their connection design element includes more than links. It provides an approach to create a seamless customer experiences whenever and wherever people want to engage with them. Then, comes communication. Communication is the dialogue that is on the website that unfolds between the user and the website. The customers are able to talk directly with a representative while shopping on the site. They use site-to-user, user-to-site, and two-way communication. Pizza Hut uses communication by incorporating it with content. It posts product innovations, promotions, and special events with bright colors and bold images. Community is popular because it helps to enhance customer experience and build relationships. Community is the way in which the site enables user-to-user communication. Pizza Hut realized that it did not make sense for the customers or the company to create a community on the site. Instead they turned to Facebook. Customers are now engaging in a huge group of people without disrupting their daily routine. The seventh design element to help create greater online customer experiences is commerce. Commerce is the websites ability to make sale transactions for products and services, making them quick and simple. Pizza Hut made the sales transactions quick and simple by making a Facebook application, a branded desktop widget, phone ordering, and an iPhone app that lets customers build and submit their order visually. Question 3: Choiceboards are internet enabled systems that allow customers to design their own products and services by answering a few questions and choosing from menus, prices, and delivery options and personalization is the practice of generating content on the marketers’ website that is custom tailored to an individual’s specific needs and preferences. Pizzahut. com allows customers to engage with their brand by using the right technology. With all the ways Pizza Hut has to offer for ordering their food, each will allow customers to build and submit their order visually. When I went online to see for myself, Pizzahut. com allowed me to build my own pizza. Next to my options was an image of the pizza I was building. There were series of question, such as toppings, delivery or takeout, crust, ect. Pizzahut. com is made to simplify the ordering process and has their promotions directly on the main page.

Problems Faced Before ERP Implementation

Problems Faced Before ERP Implementation Some data, coming from SAP R/3, goes directly into SAP NetWeaver BI data marts. But the rest, which comes from diverse systems that handle billing, customer relationship management (CRM), mediation, provisioning, and prepaid sales, goes first to a third-party extract/transform/load (ETL) system. The ETL system takes the data from every call that customers make every payment, every service call, and more and transforms it based on business rules before storing it in a third-party database About Reliance Infocomm Reliance Infocomm is the outcome of the late visionary Dhirubhai Ambanis (1932-2002) dream to herald a digital revolution in India by bringing affordable means of information and communication to the doorsteps of Indias vast population. Make the tools of Infocomm available to people at an affordable cost, they will overcome the handicaps of illiteracy and lack of mobility, Dhirubhai Ambani charted out the mission for Reliance Infocomm in late 1999. He saw in the potential of information and communication technology a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for India to leapfrog over its historical legacy of backwardness and underdevelopment. Working at breakneck speed, from late 1999 to 2002 Reliance Infocomm built the backbone for a digital India 60,000 kilometres of fibre optic backbone, crisscrossing the entire country. The Reliance Infocomm pan-India network was commissioned on December 28, 2002, the 70th birth anniversary of Dhirubhai. This day also marked his first birth anniversary after his demise July 6, 2002. Reliance Infocomm network is a pan India, high capacity, integrated (wireless and wireline) and convergent (voice, data and video) digital network, designed to offer services that span the entire Infocomm value chain infrastructure, services for enterprises and individuals, applications and consulting. The network is designed to deliver services that will foster a new way of life for India. Clarify clarify CRM is the product of clarify Inc. Customer Relationship Management is a comprehensive business strategy, focused on the process of acquiring, managing, retaining and partnering with selective customers to create superior long-term value for the company and the customers. In a nutshell, CRM strives to identify customers who provide the greatest return to the company, and to optimize relationships with those customers. CRM features Segmenting customers Responding uniquely to the best customers Having a 360 degree view, of a customer Measuring and driving down the cost of customer acquisition Attracting customers using the totality of the experience you provide Need for CRM Customers have the upper hand in most purchase transactions They are inherently less loyal They have rising expectations They no longer tolerate companies that dont get the basics right Advantages of CRM To gain a better understanding of customers wants and needs Allows companies to gather and access information about customers buying histories, preferences, complaints, and other data so they can better anticipate what customers will want. The goal is to instill greater customer loyalty. Used in association with data warehousing, data mining, call centers and other intelligence-based applications Faster response to customer inquiries Increased efficiency through automation Obtaining information sharable with business partners Deeper understanding of Customers Increased marketing and selling opportunities Identifying the most profitable customers Improved products and services through customer feedback Clarify Design Philosophy Flexible Wherever possible rules are held as data in the application Customizable Extremely easy to change look and functionality of screens Can add new fields, tables and relationships to the database Upgradeable We want you to be able to stay current easily Highly scaleable High volume with good response times Comprehensive and open data model More flexibility than most people need Can use any SQL-based tools for reporting, etc Internationalize Ability to deal with multi-currency, different languages, etc Workflow orientated Strong ownership paradigm so nothing falls through the cracks Use of standards The new applications include Clarify Customer Portal which stores customer information and lets customers communicate with a company via methods such as E-mail and online chat. Clarify eOrder lets customers shop online then takes orders and manages them through fulfillment; it works in conjunction with Clarify eConfigurator which determines customer needs and then helps configure complex products. Clarify eMerchandising lets businesses draw from customer analysis data and develop personalized marketing campaigns and product offerings Clarify Applications Call Center: ClearCallCenter Front end for Contact Center Agents Manages overall customer interaction Can be used as sales application or as a front-end to ClearSupport for hybrid sales/service. Operates in both relationship-based call centers and high-volume, one and done sales environments Sales Force Automation: ClearSales Handles prospects and leads Sales force automation Provides management of all aspects of the selling cycle, from lead through completed order. Provides an enterprise-wide view of sales and support activities in accounts for ongoing relationship management activities Customer Support: ClearSupport Is a trouble management system Single point of contact for service requests and problem reporting Comprehensive technical support management system, Handles calls that involve service requests, questions, etc. DSS is a data warehousing department that caters to the needs of the management by delivering vital information to business users to make timely and accurate decisions for business growth leading to effective and efficient operations to gain a competitive edge in the marketplace. DSS is a system that Collects data from multiple sources, Summarizes data as per business needs and creates reports at business operations DSS enables business users to centrally monitor and analyse information, monitor various events and enable them to react to those events by providing a single view of business information. DSS is a business-centric data warehousing department with an integrated workflow mechanism that supports streamlined business processes. It delivers high performance access to all information and applications on CRM, Billing, Product and Network domains. CRM applications delivered by a DSS enable business user to analyse number of customers, trends and usage patterns of individual customers, individual customer records, etc. It also holds information about customer service like Interaction and Cases handled by Call Center, Number of Interactions, Interaction Category, Number of Cases, Case Status, Case Category, etc. Product applications provide all pertinent information about the usage and performance of various products like SMS, R-Connect, R-World etc. Billing applications provide all pertinent information about the billing and outstanding of RIM customers. It holds in information of ADC Service Status, Billing Circle, CIOU Code, Channel Code, Channel Type, City, Customer Type, No.of Invoices, and No. of Payments, OG Barred Status, OTAF Month, Payment Option, Rate Plan, Service wise, Month wise, Zero Payment wise Billing Status. DSS offers three kinds of reports namely: OLAP Reports (http://dss.ril.com/) Business Intelligence Reports (http://dssbi.ril.com) Ad hoc Reports based on the data requested by the business user ETL The acronym ETL is used to describe the processes used by DSS to obtain data from external sources and make it usable to the DSS applications. ETL stands for Extract, Transform and Load. Extraction is the process of selecting and pulling data from the operational and external data sources, in order to prepare it for the warehouse. Also called Data Extraction. A good extraction is based on a Business Rule. Business rules are applied to data using constraints. There are two basic ways that the extract process is performed. Either the system providing information will give the DSS team a feeder file. This file will than be accepted by DSS and used to load tables. The other option is for the DSS team to write SQL code and actually perform in place extractions from source systems. In both of these cases, the timing, data volume estimates and source systems impacts need to be considered Transformation is the process of manipulating data. Any manipulation beyond copying is a transformation. Process includes cleansing, aggregating, and integrating data from multiple sources. Example: Address1, Address2, Address3 could be concatenated as one single field. Transformation is the biggest, most complicated, most resource intensive and most important of DSS process. The transformation takes raw, unclean, unformatted, unsynchronized, sparse, and often corrupt data sources and standardizes, cleans and matches it up enough to make it useful for further analysis. . BO Business Objects is a reporting tool for SQL compliant databases. It allows users to prepare custom reports from a number of databases simultaneously, which in turn facilitates advanced reporting and data analysis. Loading is the last step in the ETL process. Loading is nothing more than taking the outputs from the transformation process and putting it into an Oracle table. The process of moving extracted, transformed into the data warehouse. Generally the data is loaded to the Target table. Target table holds the intermediate or final results of any part of the ETL process. The target of the entire ETL process is the data warehouse. BW The SAP Business Information Warehouse allows you to analyze data from operative SAP applications as well as all other business applications and external data sources such as databases, online services and the Internet. The Administrator Workbench functions are designed for controlling, monitoring and maintaining all data retrieval processes. The SAP Business Information Warehouse enables Online Analytical Processing (OLAP), which processes information from large amounts of operative and historical data. OLAP technology enables multi-dimensional analyses from various business perspectives. The Business Information Warehouse Server for core areas and processes, pre-configured with Business Content, ensures you can look at information within the entire enterprise. In selected roles in a company, Business Content offers the information that employees need to carry out their tasks. As well as roles, Business Content contains other pre-configured objects such as InfoCubes, queries, key figures, characteristics that make BW implementation easier. With the Business Explorer, the SAP Business Information Warehouse provides flexible reporting and analysis tools for analyses and decision-making support in your enterprise. You analyze the dataset of the Business Information Warehouse by defining queries for Infocubes using the BEx Query Designer. By selecting and combining InfoObjects (characteristics and key figures) or reusable structures in a query, you determine the way in which you navigate through and evaluate the data in the selected InfoProvider. The layout of the report needs to be pre-defined before design. Reports are the final deliverable to the users. The process of report definition starts with requirement and ends with its development and testing by Business Analysts. During this process the Business Analysts interacts with report developer closely and fine tunes the outcomes in a back and forth form of process. The developer in turn technically chooses the InfoObjects (characteristics and key figures) already defined in the cube that needs to become part of the report. Benefits From the day we started operating our business, our managers had information about the traffic, how the products we launched into the market were performing, how our customers were using them, how we were acquiring new customers, and our customer interactions, Gupta explains. All these things helped us to provide services with lower costs, which is one of the reasons we were able to win the market. SAP NetWeavers ability to span corporate silos and offer a single view of corporate information lets the DSS team deliver solutions quickly and accurately. For instance, approximately 95 percent of the data is loaded from non-SAP systems, with 18 million records processed daily, and SAP NetWeaver is the key factor that made Reliance Infocomms success possible. An aggregate enhances performance by duplicating the data from an InfoCube and storing it in a summarized form so you can access it quickly for reporting. If you want great performance results with reports and you do use aggregates. Using SAP NetWeavers aggregate tool lets you increase flexibility while designing and can sometimes let you meet more than one business requirement with the same model. SAP Opportunities: 1. Integration Integration can be the highest benefit of them all. The only real project aim for implementing ERP is reducing data redundancy and redundant data entry. If this is set as a goal, to automate inventory posting to G/L, then it might be a successful project. Those companies where integration is not so important or even dangerous tend to have a hard time with ERP. ERP does not improve the individual efficiency of users, so if they expect it, it will be a big disappointment. ERP improves the cooperation of users. 2. Efficiency Generally, ERP software focuses on integration and tend to not care about the daily needs of people. I think individual efficiency can suffer by implementing ERP. the big question with ERP is whether the benefit of integration and cooperation can make up for the loss in personal efficiency or not. 3. Cost reduction It reduces cost only if the company took accounting and reporting seriously even before implementation and had put a lot of manual effort in it. If they didnt care about it, if they just did some simple accounting to fill mandatory statements and if internal reporting did not exists of has not been fincancially-oriented, then no cost is reduced. 4. Less personnel Same as above. Less reporting or accounting personnel, but more sales assistants etc. 5. Accuracy No. People are accurate, not software. What ERP does is makes the lives of inaccurate people or organization a complete hell and maybe forces them to be accurate (which means hiring more people or distributing work better), or it falls. Challenges Even though the company started its DSS before the sales side launched, it still had to deal with multiple data sources across heterogeneous platforms a common issue for most organizations working with business intelligence (BI), and a challenge perfect for SAP NetWeaver Business Intelligence (SAP NetWeaver BI). Data granularity More granular models require higher data loads and more maintenance. While designing a model, its critical to keep the principles of star schema in mind. Star schema is generally considered the simplest data warehouse schema, and its characterized by very large fact tables that contain the primary information in the data warehouse in conjunction with smaller dimension tables that contain information about particular attributes of the data in the larger fact table. With this in mind, your model should achieve data summarization by a factor of 1:3 so that youre not working with more than 33 percent of your source data. Dimensions Group your information objects into dimensions so that each dimension has a balanced number of records, and put frequently used characteristics into one dimension so you can cut down on the number of table JOINs needed for the OLAP processor to churn out the data. Data deletion If you want to scale, you need to have a data-deletion process in place that the application owners have clearly agreed to and understood, and you need to have the deletion process in place at the modeling stage. Navigational attributes By using navigational attributes in SAP NetWeaver, you can maintain data consistency when dimensions change slowly, and you can reduce data-storage requirements, but you have to analyze this during the modeling stage to get the benefits. Problems the company would have been forced to have multiple copies and different views of the same data. Implementation Timetable 1999 Forms and begins construction of fiber-optic networks Late 2002 Launches and creates first Bl application March 2003 Has commercial launch Mid 2003 DSS starts rolling out Bl application July 2003 Gains 1 million new subscribers Late 2003/ early 2004 Bl applications roll out to additional locations. Six Critical Recommendations Guptas initial decision-support team of three people augmented by BI consultants from around the world has now grown to 65 staff members and counting. Gupta and his DSS team offer some critically important recommendations to those planning an SAP NetWeaver BI implementation. 1] Plan to scale. One way or another, all BI systems get bigger. Some get bigger because businesses keep generating data they dont really need, but most often products, pricing, and markets become increasingly complex, which is true for Reliance Infocomm. In order to compete, the company must span diverse geographies and offer a variety of products and services as business analysts identify shifting customer needs. In addition, the sheer growth in the number of customers presents the most obvious scalability issue. We are expecting the business to grow from 14 million customers to 20 million customers by the end of 2006, Gupta says. Those are the kinds of estimates we have to work with. 2] Involve the business. Simple at first glance, this fundamental rule is often overlooked but is critical to a DSS. At Reliance Infocomm, each analytic application has a business sponsor who owns the application, in addition to business analysts who help to translate the business requirements into IT implementation terms. This all affects how the DSS team sets up InfoCubes for the business units. How you model your business requirement with SAP NetWeaver is the most important thing, Gupta notes. If your model is bad, its not going to work and the information is never going to come out. So, mapping all your business objects into a multidimensional cube is the most important step and SAP NetWeavers features are excellent for modeling. When its time to build analytic applications, the DSS team builds only solutions that have clear business owners attached. This is critical for two reasons: First, business owners come to the DSS team only with business-driven needs (as opposed to IT offering what it thinks the business might need). Second, the DSS team knows it will get launch support to correct unforeseen problems quickly, as well as see that the users start putting the applications to use. How many awesome applications are built each year that fail for lack of use or business alignment? For this DSS team, that just doesnt happen. 3] Ensure data trust. Another problem with many BI installations is a lack of user trust of the systems, and it can happen at any level numbers dont match in front of a line-of-business manager or customers on the other end of the phone dispute the information available to your call-center employees. Business analysts, Gupta says, can be invaluable in resolving problems as the DSS team consolidates data from disparate systems into layers for the InfoCubes. Sometimes there can be a problem with the interpretation of the data, adds Arun Dhall, lead architect for Reliance Infocomms DSS team. For example, when you look at the number of customers acquired yesterday, people who just filled out the application form could be new customers, but as weve defined it, when a person actually registers with the network, thats when they become a customer. Its these common definitions used across the business especially when the numbers are both essentially accurate that build ongoing positive momentum for DSS applications. 4] Delete! Delete! Delete! At 3.5 terabytes (TB) in SAP NetWeaver and 30TB altogether, Reliance Infocomms DSS system is one of the largest in the world, but that doesnt mean it has to grow astronomically. To combat data bloat, We have very clear data-retention policies in place that decide how long the data is stored, Gupta says. We have 400 million records coming over per day, so if we were going to store all this information, it would be multi-hundred TB by now. This again, Gupta says, comes back to the business owners who understand that theres a cost to keeping information and who must decide how long they really need it. From an IT perspective, this policy not only keeps your data growth under control, it helps force the business managers to focus on what they really need from the DSS to achieve the desired results. 5] Dont skimp on look and feel. Many in-house applications are functional, but they look terrible and are hard to understand, which can adversely affect the success of the application more than IT bugs. You should be able to make a report that is not complicated and is easy to understand, Gupta says. If you give users a complex report, they will never use it. At every level, Reliance Infocomm employees are using DSS. Part of every application rollout is end-user education, and the company is now at the point where product managers want their own data marts so they can analyze the information themselves. Also, Gupta says, the information should come out fast. The largest Reliance InfoCube has close to 1 billion rows, and yet it generates consistent response times that let employees act in less than a minute. 6] Always chase and never give up. Guptas DSS team lives by this motto, which basically means that IT is empowered to push hard to find or chase down answers to any technical question or goal. The DSS team is very persistent, Gupta says, and it comes down to a culture of believing that anything is possible. If we can think it, we can do it, says Pramod Kejriwal, development lead for the DSS team. Our philosophy is we dont believe in giving anything up very easily. The philosophy has infected the business owners, too. Anything they think they need to help do their business in a better way, they ask; they should be thinking about business, not [whether something] is technically possible. Into the Future For now, the numbers clearly speak to Reliance Infocomms DSS success: More than 1,500 active users across India, 250 concurrently, more than 150 applications, more than 300 online analytical processing (OLAP) reports, more than 300 SAP NetWeaver BI reports, more than 200 monthly ad hoc reports all working with more than 24TB of data which make Reliance Infocomms DSS, an in-house implementation, one of the largest data warehouses in the world. More fundamentally important, though, is the fact that business users have adopted the DSS implementation as the single and most authentic source of corporate information, Gupta notes, which speaks to the companys ability to scale into the future. On the drawing board, Gupta looks forward to information broadcasting and implementing creative collaboration rooms using a revamped SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer (in SAP NetWeaver 2004s), management cockpit, planning and simulation model, data mining (APD), and actively working on even higher-performance analytics by using SAP Business Intelligence Accelerator (SAP BI Accelerator; also part of SAP NetWeaver 2004s) as an appliance tool with separate hardware that can index an InfoCube, which you can then use to run very fast queries. Whatever comes next, Reliance Infocomm has used SAP NetWeaver BI to create a DSS capable of handling one of the worlds largest BI workloads both now and in the future. Challenges with SAP: 1. Expensive This entails software, hardware, implementation, consultants, training, etc. Or you can hire a programmer or two as an employee and only buy business consulting from an outside source, do all customization and end-user training inside. That can be cost-effective. 2. Not very flexible It depends. SAP can be configured to almost anything. In Navision one can develop almost anything in days. Other software may not be flexible.

The Kite Runner Essay -- Literary Analysis, Khaled Hosseini

"There is a way to be good again". By putting this quote at the very first beginning of the book, "The Kite Runner", Khaled Hosseini has introduced a theme that goes throughout the story of the book, redemption. Everything has a path that leads to the final destination, sometimes there are more than one path to go. It depends on people to choose which one that suitable for them. In the book, by telling the story, the author has shown a road to redemption. Baba, Sanaubar and Amir, different characters in the book represent different types of people in reality, stories of how they would do to redeem their mistakes. Redemption, the definition of this term is a controversial subject. Through the book, the author shows his side of understanding the word. Redemption is an act of goodness from the regretful heart, from guilt of the past. A person who had made a mistake before would be corroded slowly by his regret and the pain that haunts him days by days. However, "there is a way to be good again", he may have killed a life, but he can save another life to pay back for the sin. That's how redemption simply works. People could not change the past; therefore, they would do a good thing that brings to a better future, which makes them become better people than the ones in the past. The road to redemption is not from when the person makes up for his guilt, but it starts when he feel regretful, a difficult start, and ends with a relief of redemption. The author puts characters into different situations of sins and how they try to resolve problems, as examples for his ideas of road to redemption. For instance, Baba is always an honorable man in people's eyes. They admire him for his power, they are jealous with his wealth and they love ... ...uilty feeling inside people. It is pointless for doing thousands of good things in the present when they could not change a sin in their past. Redemption can be considered as a comfort, that gives people "the illusion", a feeling of believing that they could pay back for their sins. However, it is not true; what has been done could not be inversed again. For example, Amir may have saved Sohrab's life by rescuing the boy from Assef, but that is what he does for Sohrab, not Hassan. His half-brother had still been raped by Assef, he got shot and already died. That truth is unchangeable. In fact, redemption is an action that may be kind of selfishness because most parts of redemption are all about sinners, when they try to make themselves feel better. Therefore, the author's statement of the redemption, "there is a way to be good again", is not always true.

Dukes v. Wal-Mart Essay -- Sexism Gender Walmart Discrimination Essays

Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is a legal battle concerning whether or not the company engaged willfully in gender-based discrimination. Underlying causes, organizational culture and ethical issues will be examined in determining how the largest private employer in the United States could have fallen prey to unfair labor practices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"In 1999, women constituted 72% of Wal-Mart’s hourly employees, but only 33% of its managerial employees† (Bhatnagar, 2004). This fact and many others are the reasons many people allege that Wal-Mart has unfair labor practices. The Dukes v. Wal-Mart case challenged the hiring, promotion and pay practices of Wal-Mart. The case was filed in June 2001. When the case reached class certification status it became the largest class action civil rights suit against employment discrimination in American history. The case represented approximately 1.6 million women that had worked for Wal-Mart from 1998 to 2001 who felt that they had been discriminated against because of their gender.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many women involved in the Dukes case alleged that Wal-Mart’s policies vary from gender to gender. The managerial staff is comprised mostly of men. The relocation policy in place has a distinct impact on female employees. To become a manager, one must relocate multiple times at each management level. Female employees claimed that this could potentially have a disparate impact on single and married mothers, therefore the policy is not fair to all; favoring the chances of a male getting a promotion over a female.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the Berkeley Women’s Law Journal (2004), Wal-Mart pays its employees about one-third less than what similarly unionized employees earn. Wal-Mart’s slogan is â€Å"Everyday low prices,† and they accomplish this by keeping wages low and by suppressing any efforts made by unions to unionize Wal-Mart. In addition to paying low wages, some Wal-Mart stores allegedly violate the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act. The Federal Fair Labor Standards Act regulates overtime pay and child labor standards. Many employees have claimed that Wal-Mart makes them work more than 40 hours per week without overtime pay. When management realized how much overtime pay they were logging, they would call in managers to adjust the time sheets. An internal audit exposed the violations of the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many o... ...   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The company should employ the stakeholder theory as opposed to the agency theory. Each member associated with Wal-Mart will be treated fairly and honestly. In incorporating the deontology perspective as opposed to the Utilitarian viewpoint, the company will show its desire to right previous wrongs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wal-Mart has to implement a number of changes to correct the problems it has created. Attention must be paid to ensure the employee is treated fairly. Other ways must be sought to maintain profit levels and make the stockholders happy. References Bhatnagar, Ritu. (2005). Dukes v. Wal-Mart as a Catalyst for Social Activism. Retrieved July 12, 2005, from the University of Phoenix Library EBSCOhost database Dukes v. Wal-Mart, Inc. (2004). Class Certification Status Decision, United States District Court, Northern California. Retrieved July 15, 2005 from http://www.walmartclass.com/public-home.html. Featherstone, Liza. (2004). Rollback Wages! Retrieved July 12, 2005, from the University of Phoenix Library EBSCOhost database. Sellers, Jeff M. (2005). Deliver us from Wal-Mart? Retrieved July 12, 2005, from the University of Phoenix Library EBSCOhost database.